What characterizes well executed FEA?

Three things are required. First, accurate material properties and material models, i.e., the finite element analysis mathematical model that best represents the material behavior. Second, a good solver, one that meets accuracy requirements and user flexibility. And third, good FEA requires a good analyst. Really, the first two depend on the last.

The Role the Analyst Plays

The analyst chooses the software, sets up the model physics and controls the simulation. The analyst must have a good intuitive grasp of the physics and be able to properly apply the solvers. Remember the adage, "garbage in, garbage out?"

The analyst is part engineer and part designer: engineer, to correctly pose the problem and make assumptions or simplifications where necessary; and designer, to imaginatively build the finite element model, apply constraints, and make changes that meet engineering and aesthetic considerations. This is not always straight forward. FEA analysis is a balancing act and that is why it can be difficult for many engineers to apply it successfully.